Lesson 2 of 4 · Module 03

Malware and Ransomware Basics

Malware is software designed to cause harm, steal information, spy, or provide unauthorized access. Ransomware blocks access to data or systems and demands payment.

7 min read · Beginner friendly

How infections happen

Malware can arrive through malicious attachments, fake downloads, compromised websites, pirated software, or unpatched devices. Warning signs include unfamiliar programs, redirects, disabled security tools, or unexpected account activity.

Limit the damage

Use supported software, trusted app sources, standard user accounts, and reliable backups.

  • Disconnect a suspected device from networks
  • Use a trusted device to change exposed passwords
  • Seek qualified help for a work device